The Vestfold Hills are rounded, rocky, coastal hills, in extent,
Geography
The Vestfold Hills are largely snow- and ice-free and are thus classified as an
Antarctic oasis. They contain a great variety of lake systems with over 300 lakes and ponds
including what is possibly the largest concentration of
meromictic (stratified) lakes in the world.
This region contains 37 permanently stratified water bodies,
including six marine basins and seven seasonally isolated marine basins (SIMBs). These stratified basins also have great variety. They range in salinity from 4
gram L
−1 to 235 g L
−1, in temperature from , in depth from , in area from and surface level from below to above sea level.
The region contains a large lake, Lake Burton, as well as the smaller
Krok Lake and Camp Lake.
History and naming
The Vestfold Hills were discovered, and a landing was made in the northern portion, on February 20, 1935, by Captain Klarius Mikkelsen together with his wife and seven crew members (including the ship's dentist, Lief Sørsdal) of the
Norway whaling ship "Thorshavn" sent out by
Lars Christensen. Caroline Mikkelsen, thereby became the first woman to set foot on the Antarctic continent.
The Vestfold Hills are named after Vestfold, a county in Norway where Sandefjord, headquarters of the whaling industry, was located. This hill area and its off-lying islands were mapped from air photos taken by the Lars Christensen Expedition (1936–37). Further brief landings were made by Lincoln Ellsworth and several claims were made by Hubert Wilkins in 1939. The area was photographed from the air by USN Operation Highjump (1946–47). Landings were made and exploration carried out in 1954 and 1955 by ANARE (Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions) led by Phillip Law. Davis Station was established by ANARE in January 1957.[ Davis Station: A brief history Australian Antarctic Division. Retrieved 23 January 2023.]
Further reading
-
Beau Riffenburgh, Encyclopedia of the Antarctic, Volume 1, P 680
-
Johanna Laybourn-Parry, Jemma L. Wadham, Antarctic Lakes, PP 92 - 93
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DAMIAN B. GORE, I. SNAPE and M.R. LEISHMAN, Glacial sediment provenance, dispersal and deposition, Vestfold Hills, East Antarctica, Antarctic Science 15 (2): 259–269 (2003), DOI: 10.1017/S0954102003001263
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BROLSMA, HENK, Survey Report Vestfold Hills, Australian Antarctic Territory 1984-85, 1985-86 summer season, Australian Antarctic Data Centre
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P.H.G.M.Dirks, J.D.Hoek, C.J.L.Wilson, J.Sims, The Proterozoic deformation of the Vestfold Hills Block, East Antarctica: implications for the tectonic development of adjacent granulite belts
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Kirkwood, J.M., Burton, H.R., Macrobenthic species assemblages in Ellis Fjord, Vestfold Hills, Antarctica
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Gibson, J. (1999), The role of ice in determining mixing intensity in Ellis Fjord, Vestfold Hills, East Antarctica
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Australian Antarctic Division, Locations of samples from Organic Lake, Deep Lake and Ellis Fjord in the Vestfold Hills, Antarctica, Dataset
External links
